6. Medication Side Effects
Certain medications can adversely affect nail health by interfering with keratin production or causing localized inflammation. Common drug classes known to impact nails include chemotherapy agents, retinoids, and some antibiotics.
For example, chemotherapy drugs may cause nails to become brittle, discolored, or develop ridges. Retinoids, often prescribed for acne or psoriasis, can lead to dryness and nail fragility. If you suspect your medications are affecting your nails, discuss this with your prescribing healthcare professional rather than discontinuing any treatment on your own.
7. Age-Related Changes
As we age, natural changes in nail growth rate and composition occur. Nails tend to grow more slowly and may become more brittle or develop longitudinal ridges. These changes are typically benign but can make nails more susceptible to damage from external factors.
Maintaining good nail care practices and ensuring adequate nutrition and hydration become increasingly important with age to preserve nail integrity.
8. Infections
Fungal infections, such as onychomycosis, are a frequent cause of thickened, brittle, discolored nails. These infections can be persistent and may require medical treatment including topical or oral antifungal medications.
Bacterial infections and paronychia (infection around the nail fold) can also weaken nails and cause pain or swelling. Prompt treatment is important to prevent complications.
If you notice yellowing, crumbling, or separation of the nail from the nail bed, or surrounding redness and tenderness, seek evaluation by a healthcare provider to confirm diagnosis and appropriate management.
